Vagueness and Depth: A Philosophy of Awareness

Judith Reeve, A Stillness, on-site, 16 x 24, oil on linen, 2026.

Paths run through people as surely as they run through places…I have long been fascinated by how people understand themselves using landscape, by the topographies of self we carry within us and by the maps we make with which to navigate these interior terrains. We think in metaphors drawn from place, and sometimes those metaphors do not only adorn our thought, but actively produce it. [Robert Macfarlane, The Old Ways: A Journey on Foot]

Many years ago, when I first traveled to Maine to paint, I was always disappointed when a bank of fog moved in and obliterated the dramatic moment of surf and rocks I was seeking to capture. Now I see this immersion in the vaporous atmosphere as a manifestation of the great mystery of being-materialized. One sees and then can’t quite see. Things seem to move about- hide and then suddenly reveal themselves, only to be lost once again. Is not this an eloquent metaphor of our perception of time? So little of life do we understand; So little do we actually remember.

The fog embraces me, and I am caught within its soft bonds. My thoughts wander, and I attempt to paint this ineffable quality of light and transmuting substance before me. I lose track of time and reflect on the delicate correspondence between my being and what lies before me- the momentary nature of our life, of all things. A great depth lies before me, mirroring my thoughts, temporarily casting aside the veil that obscures my vision-offering a rare moment of clarity.

Judith Reeve, painting along the coast of Maine in the fog this summer.

When I paint, the expanse before me is metaphorically brought into my humble interior- its immensity impossible to hold. Therefore, I must select only a fragment of this vastness. Our perception of reality is subjective. We pick and choose what draws our attention, and the rest just slips quietly away. Never to be seen again. William James reflected on this in his writings on the “stream of consciousness.” We choose our path through time as stones in a river help us to traverse its watery span. I take away but a partial notation of my whole experience. But that note is significant. It is the thing I have chosen for myself- a sign of my own path.

Judith Reeve, Fog Aureola, 9 x 12, oil on board, in the collection of Elena Tomescu, 2026.

But landscape painting is more than my self-conscious struggle with my fragile, fleeting existence. What I have come away with, the painted image, is also significant. If we allow it, the landscape we move through or the one we experience through a painting mirrors us back to ourselves. We are momentarily magnified and transformed- presenting uncharted possibilities for the artist as well as the viewer. It is, as Henri states,

There seem to be moments of revelation, moments when we see in the transition of one part to another the unification of the whole. There is a sense of comprehension and of great happiness. We have entered into a greater knowledge by it. If one could but record the vision of these moments by some sort of sign! It was in this hope that the arts were invented. Signposts on the way to what might be.

Robert Henri, The Art Spirit, p. 32

Judith Reeve, Quiet Fog, 6 x 8, oil on board, 2026.

Maine and the Dominance of Grays

Judith Reeve, Evening Surf, 12 x 16, oil on board.

This past month, I spent a significant amount of time painting in Maine, as far Northeast as I could manage by car. Here, there are few tourists and much quietude. The elemental space of sea and cliffs brings me back to myself. I am consoled by its sheer force and power to evoke metaphysical thoughts, recentering me.

The rock formations in this area are dominated by grays, whereas further South, Acadia is formed by warm-toned rock; Lubec’s rocks are cool and neutral. It has taken me several years to achieve the quality of the coloring of these rock heads stretching out into the Bay of Fundy. I found that the Bi colors and Hues, in several combinations, facilitated the accuracy of what I witnessed.

My landscape palette is the Full Spectrum Palette [see The Color Investigations of Robert Henri, Vol. 1, Chapters 5, 7, and 8], balanced and harmonized by the complete integration of the primaries within the secondary and tertiary mixes [top line of root notes]. This includes the second line of Bi colors and the third line of Hues. When painting en plein air, I do not premix lines 2 and 3, except for the Y Hue [line 3]. The reason for this is: 1) I’m inherently familiar with the Full Spectrum Palette and reflexively can mix the combinations; 2) I like to mix between some of the intervals on the Bi color line to get subtle variety; 3) I also like to not fully mix these colors, but allow the 2 notes that make up the mixture to loosely flow together- sometimes emphasizing one color over another- visually joining within the viewer’s mind. I find this adds a hidden vitality to the painting. All this is possible because the palette is already harmonized before I commence painting.

Attempting to capture the color of the evening light before the rock formation is plunged into shadow.

The rocky heads along the Bay of Fundy are primarily gray with mixes of violet-red or a dull yellow in some places. The difficulty lies in conveying the rock’s warm illumination while retaining its inherent grayness. As the quality of the illumination changes, capturing the gray underlying the dominant color of the light becomes challenging.

Judith Reeve, Morning Reflections, 12 x 16, oil on board.

I found the most effective way to deal with this was to first mix my gray combinations, both warms and cools, then add my dominant light mix in increments to these base grays. [Henri referred to the dominant light as the lightener; see The Color Investigations of Robert Henri, Vol. 1, p.79] The color of the lightener varied with the quality of the day and the time- morning, afternoon, or evening. In the painting Morning Reflections, the rising sun, dominated by RO, was slowly giving way to a GB quality as it rose higher. The image retains the warmth in the sky but accentuates the greener/cooler reflected light in the shadows. In Dispersing Fog, the warmth of the morning sun is held by the fog, giving the scene a pearlescent quality with the cool shadows and gray-violet sea.

Judith Reeve, Dispersing Fog, 12 x 16, oil on board.

Here are some of the semi-neutralized mixtures I found most effective for adding variety to the grays. [see The Color Investigations of Robert Henri, Vol. 1, p. 49]

The cools:

  • G + BV [GBB Bi]
  • G + V [B hue]
  • G + VR [near-complement]
  • GB + BV [B Bi]
  • GB + V [BBV Bi]
  • GB + VR [BVV Bi]
  • OY + BV [Neutral]
  • O + BV [near-complement]

The warms:

  • RO + GB [neutral]
  • RO + G [near- complement]
  • O + G [Y hue]
  • O + V [R hue]

You may say that these combinations are not gray enough! But it is key that the image feels illuminated by the sun, whether it is clear, cloudy, or foggy. Color conveys the sensation of illumination. No color, no quality of light.

Brilliancy is going toward color, not toward white.

Robert Henri, The Art Spirit, p.260

Note the dominance of the secondaries: O, G, V. Also, G, GB, BV, and V were key. Many of the grays were combinations of these 4 notes. Most of these notes were raised in value by white or by the lightener [such as O + VR + white as an example in Dispersing Fog].

Achieving a variety in these grays was challenging and part of the beauty of painting along the Bay of Fundy- dream like and mysterious.